HSRP-640
Courts treat holding these beliefs as lawful and sanction acting on them
Proof page — generated from the HSRP research notes register. Where a block has no data, it says so.
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1. Header
2. The claim, in full
Courts treat holding these beliefs as lawful and sanction acting on them
WITHDRAWN as OVER-BROAD for this register's standard, on the author's assessment of 2026-11-06, and NOT refuted at source. No pinpoint failed, no quotation was found wrong, no source was retracted. PAGE CLAIM LINE REMOVED FROM /sovereign-citizens ON 2026-11-06 in the same pass, as off-scope to that page's subject. This record therefore prints on no page. A BARE WITHDRAWN WOULD MISREPORT THE HISTORY: the claim was not tested and found wanting, it was judged too broad for this register to carry, and every pinpoint under it stands verified. WHAT WAS **NOT** DONE, recorded so a later reader does not infer it: the object was not deleted, the number was not reused or retired, the proof page was not removed, no source record was altered, and no relation on any other record was cut. PRIOR NOTE, KEPT IN FULL: Cited on: /sovereign-citizens. Entered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, tag NEW-SC27 (brief item H27). THE PAGE'S OWN GRADE LINE READS: "ESTABLISHED as observed and in positive law". Coleman v. Commissioner read only as quoted (SECONDARY); the other courts primary.
3. What it rests on
-
Coleman v. Commissioner, as quoted in Mastrony: "[t]he government may not prohibit the holding of these beliefs, but it may penalize people who act on them." [SRC-1160]
Sources: SRC-1160 -
United States v. Coleman (6th Cir.), slip op. 13: "In sum, simply espousing sovereign citizen and other fringe views does not necessarily demonstrate lack of competence." [SRC-1204]
Sources: SRC-1204 -
DiMartino, slip op. 14: "political views derived from tax protester movements--however they appear to the uninitiated--are not, by themselves, sufficient evidence of mental incompetence." [SRC-1161]
Sources: SRC-1161 -
Myers, p. 4: "this case was not about Myers's beliefs on taxation and citizenship, but about his actions" [SRC-1205]
Sources: SRC-1205 -
CRS (2014): "However, simply holding these views is not a criminal act" [SRC-1206]
Sources: SRC-1206
No confidence intervals are recorded for any figure in this block.
4. Sources
-
SRC-1160 · PRIORITY · Common-Sense Responses to Radical Practices: Stifling Sovereign Citizens in Connecticut, 48 Conn. L. Rev. 1013 — Mastrony, Michael (2016)
Pinpoint: not recorded · Access: Access status not recordedEntered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, from source entry S44. CITATION as the block gives it (S44): Coleman v. Commissioner, 791 F.2d 68, 69 (7th Cir. 1986) (Easterbrook, J.), as quoted in Michael Mastrony, "Common-Sense Responses to Radical Practices: Stifling Sovereign Citizens in Connecticut," 48 Conn. L. Rev. 1013 (2016). READ AT: https://digitalcommons.lib.uconn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1319&context=law_review SCOPE PAGE; SECONDARY. Not yet verified. LADDER: category C: the record is Mastrony, 48 Conn. L. Rev. 1013, the work actually read; Coleman v. Commissioner, 791 F.2d 68, 69 named in the pinpoint
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SRC-1161 · PRIORITY · United States v. DiMartino, 949 F.3d 67 (2d Cir.) — United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (Jacobs, J.) (2020)
Pinpoint: not recorded · Access: Access status not recordedEntered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, from source entry S45. CITATION as the block gives it (S45): United States v. DiMartino, 949 F.3d 67 (2d Cir. 2020) (Jacobs, J.), No. 18-2053 (Feb. 4, 2020); pinpoints to the slip opinion. READ AT: https://www.justice.gov/tax/page/file/1288241/dl SCOPE PAGE; PRIMARY. DOJ-hosted copy of the slip opinion. The reporter citation is as given in J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law 48(4):554 (found by web search in this pass); it was not checked on a reporter page.
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SRC-1204 · PRIORITY · United States v. Coleman, 871 F.3d 470 (6th Cir.) — United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (Suhrheinrich, J.) (2017)
Pinpoint: not recorded · Access: Access status not recordedEntered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, from source entry S89. CITATION as the block gives it (S89): United States v. Coleman, 871 F.3d 470 (6th Cir. 2017) (Suhrheinrich, J.), No. 16-3972 (decided Sept. 13, 2017), slip opinion. READ AT: https://www.opn.ca6.uscourts.gov/opinions.pdf/17a0215p-06.pdf SCOPE H-ONLY; PRIMARY. The pinpoint 476 for "meritless rhetoric" comes from Cook (SRC-1129 (S01)) and Kalinowski (SRC-1167 (S51)). Not to be confused with SRC-1160 (S44) (Coleman v. Commissioner).
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SRC-1205 · PRIORITY · United States v. Myers, No. 12-12716 (11th Cir.) — United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (per curiam) (2013)
Pinpoint: not recorded · Access: Access status not recordedEntered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, from source entry S90. CITATION as the block gives it (S90): United States v. Myers, No. 12-12716 (11th Cir. July 25, 2013) (per curiam, unpublished). READ AT: https://media.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/unpub/files/201212716.pdf SCOPE H-ONLY; PRIMARY.
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SRC-1206 · PRIORITY · Domestic Terrorism Appears to Be Reemerging as a Priority at the Department of Justice, CRS Insight IN10137 — Bjelopera, Jerome P. (Congressional Research Service) (2014)
Pinpoint: not recorded · Access: Access status not recordedEntered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, from source entry S91. CITATION as the block gives it (S91): Jerome P. Bjelopera, "Domestic Terrorism Appears to Be Reemerging as a Priority at the Department of Justice," Congressional Research Service Insight IN10137 (15 August 2014). READ AT: https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20140815_IN10137_549742461bef6e04707f031cbc1bdfc6da0edebd.html SCOPE H-ONLY; PRIMARY.
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SRC-1207 · PRIORITY · Consequences of being an OPCA Litigant? (ABlawg) — Woolley, Alice (2013)
Pinpoint: not recorded · Access: Access status not recordedEntered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, from source entry S92. CITATION as the block gives it (S92): Alice Woolley, "Consequences of being an OPCA Litigant?", ABlawg (10 May 2013) (on ANB v Hancock, 2013 ABQB 97). READ AT: https://ablawg.ca/2013/05/10/consequences-of-being-an-opca-litigant/ SCOPE H-ONLY; SECONDARY.
5. Counter-evidence
-
Woolley (ABlawg, 2013): "courts have used the fact of a litigant's status as an OPCA litigant to assume that the litigant's legal position is unmeritorious and that the litigant poses a danger." [SRC-1207]
Sources: SRC-1207
6. Why this grade
WITHDRAWN as OVER-BROAD for this register's standard, on the author's assessment of 2026-11-06, and NOT refuted at source. No pinpoint failed, no quotation was found wrong, no source was retracted. THE GRADE THIS REPLACES WAS ESTABLISHED, on this reasoning, kept because the withdrawal does not retract it: "ESTABLISHED as observed and in positive law"
The register defines WITHDRAWN as: The entry was withdrawn on evidentiary review with nothing replacing it; retained on the record rather than deleted.
7. Correction history
8. Related observations
No related observations are linked in the register.
9. Where this appears on the site
Pages citing a source this observation rests on: /sovereign-citizens.
10. Open questions
Not yet recorded for this observation.
11. Machine block
The register record this page was generated from, with the derived fields added:
{
"grade": "WITHDRAWN",
"status": "WITHDRAWN",
"category": "LAW",
"title": "Courts treat holding these beliefs as lawful and sanction acting on them",
"entry_form": "full",
"note": "WITHDRAWN as OVER-BROAD for this register's standard, on the author's assessment of 2026-11-06, and NOT refuted at source. No pinpoint failed, no quotation was found wrong, no source was retracted. PAGE CLAIM LINE REMOVED FROM /sovereign-citizens ON 2026-11-06 in the same pass, as off-scope to that page's subject. This record therefore prints on no page. A BARE WITHDRAWN WOULD MISREPORT THE HISTORY: the claim was not tested and found wanting, it was judged too broad for this register to carry, and every pinpoint under it stands verified. WHAT WAS **NOT** DONE, recorded so a later reader does not infer it: the object was not deleted, the number was not reused or retired, the proof page was not removed, no source record was altered, and no relation on any other record was cut. PRIOR NOTE, KEPT IN FULL: Cited on: /sovereign-citizens. Entered 2026-10-18 by the SOVEREIGN CITIZENS block, tag NEW-SC27 (brief item H27). THE PAGE'S OWN GRADE LINE READS: \"ESTABLISHED as observed and in positive law\". Coleman v. Commissioner read only as quoted (SECONDARY); the other courts primary.",
"n": 640,
"ref": "HSRP-640",
"cited_by": [
"SRC-1160",
"SRC-1161",
"SRC-1204",
"SRC-1205",
"SRC-1206",
"SRC-1207"
],
"related": [],
"category_name": "Natural Law",
"supplement": "029",
"entered": "2026-10-18",
"evidence": [
{
"statement": "Coleman v. Commissioner, as quoted in Mastrony: \"[t]he government may not prohibit the holding of these beliefs, but it may penalize people who act on them.\" [SRC-1160]",
"sources": [
"SRC-1160"
]
},
{
"statement": "United States v. Coleman (6th Cir.), slip op. 13: \"In sum, simply espousing sovereign citizen and other fringe views does not necessarily demonstrate lack of competence.\" [SRC-1204]",
"sources": [
"SRC-1204"
]
},
{
"statement": "DiMartino, slip op. 14: \"political views derived from tax protester movements--however they appear to the uninitiated--are not, by themselves, sufficient evidence of mental incompetence.\" [SRC-1161]",
"sources": [
"SRC-1161"
]
},
{
"statement": "Myers, p. 4: \"this case was not about Myers's beliefs on taxation and citizenship, but about his actions\" [SRC-1205]",
"sources": [
"SRC-1205"
]
},
{
"statement": "CRS (2014): \"However, simply holding these views is not a criminal act\" [SRC-1206]",
"sources": [
"SRC-1206"
]
}
],
"grade_rationale": "WITHDRAWN as OVER-BROAD for this register's standard, on the author's assessment of 2026-11-06, and NOT refuted at source. No pinpoint failed, no quotation was found wrong, no source was retracted. THE GRADE THIS REPLACES WAS ESTABLISHED, on this reasoning, kept because the withdrawal does not retract it: \"ESTABLISHED as observed and in positive law\"",
"counter_evidence": [
{
"statement": "Woolley (ABlawg, 2013): \"courts have used the fact of a litigant's status as an OPCA litigant to assume that the litigant's legal position is unmeritorious and that the litigant poses a danger.\" [SRC-1207]",
"sources": [
"SRC-1207"
]
}
],
"history": [
{
"date": "2026-10-18",
"event": "The SOVEREIGN CITIZENS amendment, item AH27A",
"reason": "Written by the main block as NEW-SC27, then amended by the amendment block in the same pass. The write-then-amend order is deliberate: the amendment is a separate authorial act and the record's history shows it. Fields changed: Grade.",
"changes": [
{
"field": "Grade",
"from": "ESTABLISHED / ESTABLISHED",
"to": "ESTABLISHED / ESTABLISHED as observed and in positive law"
}
]
},
{
"date": "2026-11-06",
"event": "Withdrawn as over-broad; page claim line removed",
"reason": "WITHDRAWN as OVER-BROAD for this register's standard, on the author's assessment of 2026-11-06, and NOT refuted at source. No pinpoint failed, no quotation was found wrong, no source was retracted. The claim line came off /sovereign-citizens in the same pass. The record, its number, its proof page, its sources and its relations are all retained.",
"changes": [
{
"field": "grade",
"from": "ESTABLISHED",
"to": "WITHDRAWN"
}
]
},
{
"date": "2026-11-06",
"event": "Status set to WITHDRAWN",
"reason": "Set to match HSRP-617, the closest precedent, which carries WITHDRAWN as both grade and status. The reason is unchanged and unchanged in kind: over-broad for this register's standard on the author's assessment of 2026-11-06, and NOT refuted at source.",
"changes": [
{
"field": "status",
"from": "AMENDED",
"to": "WITHDRAWN"
}
]
}
],
"appearances": [],
"missing_fields": [
"intervals",
"pinpoint for SRC-1160",
"pinpoint for SRC-1161",
"pinpoint for SRC-1204",
"pinpoint for SRC-1205",
"pinpoint for SRC-1206",
"pinpoint for SRC-1207",
"related",
"open_questions"
]
}Generated from hsrp-research-notes.json (register generated 2026-11-08). Nothing on this page is written by hand. 9 fields not yet recorded.